Effects are usually based on some facet of the human ears abilities to figure out from amplitude and frequency content variations what a sound source is doing. This was critical when the sound source might be a saber toothed tiger and early man knew when to run. Now it is a means for us to express ourselves musically by directly invoking emotion.
AMPLITUDE BASED EFFECTS
based on the instantaneous loudness of the signal, how it changes, and how quickly it changes.
-Volume control
-Tremolo
-Auto tremolo
-Panning/ping-pong
-Gating/repeat percussion
-Compression
-Expansion
-Asymmetric comp/peak compr.
-Noise gating
-Attack delay
-ADSR
-Limiting
-Auto swell
WAVEFORM DISTORTION EFFECTS
All the generic ways to distort the waveform that comes from the guitar.
-Symmetrical clipping - example Ibanez Tube Screamer
-Asymmetrical clipping - example Boss SD-1
-Infinite limiting
-Half wave rectification
-Full wave rectification
-Arbitrary waveform generation
FILTER/FREQUENCY RESPONSE EFFECTS
-EQ/tone controls
-Treble/mid/bass boost
-Cabinet simulation
-Resonator
-Wah
-Auto wah
-Tremolo-wah
-"vibrato"
-Phase shifting
TIME DELAY EFFECTS
-Revern
-Echo
-True vibrato
-Flanging
-Chorus/ADT
-Slapback
-Reverse echo/reverb
-Sampling?
OTHER MISCELLANEOUS EFFECTS
-Octave division
-Harmony generation
-Phase lock tracking
-Noise addition
-Talk box
-Voice tracking (vocoder)
-Ring modulation (DSBSC generation)
-SSBSC generation
COMMON COMBINATIONS
-Leslie
-Aphex
-Enhancers
Credits:
http://www.geofex.com