| Quadrat | (German) natural sign |
| Quadrille | a square dance first popular in late 18th century France |
| Quadruple-Croche | (French) hemidemisemiquaver, sixty-fourth note |
| Quail | a wind-instrument that mimics the sound of the bird of the same name |
| Qual, Qualvoll | (German) agony, agonized |
| Quanto | (Italian) as much, so much |
| Quarter-note | crotchet |
| Quarter-tone | a microtonal interval half that of a semitone |
| Quartet (Eng.), Quatuor (Fr.), Quartett (Ger.), Quartetto (It.) | a work for four independent parts, a body of players who would perform such a work |
| Quarto | (Italian) fourth |
| Quasi | (Italian) as if, almost |
| Quatre, Quatrième | (French) four, fourth |
| Quattro | (Italian) four |
| Quaver | a eighth-note, one eight the time value of a whole-note or semibreve |
| Que | (French) that, as |
| Quelque, Quelques | (French) some |
| Querflöte | (German) transvere flute |
| Questo, Questa | (Italian) this |
| Queue | (French) grand piano |
| Quieto | (Italian) quiet, calm |
| Quietissimo | (Italian) quietest |
| Quint | an organ stop making use of acoustic principle of 'difference tones' |
| Quintet (Eng.), Quintette (Fr.), Quintuor (Fr.), Quintetto (It.), Quintett (Ger.) | a work for five independent parts, a body of players who would perform such a work |
| Quinto, Quinta | (Italian) fifth |
| Quintsaite | (German) E string of a violin |
| Quitter | (French) to quit, to leave |
| Quodlibet | a collection of fragmentary works brought together for comic purposes |